Migration across the EU dropped by 22% in 2025, yet six countries are now asking for temporary relief from the bloc’s upcoming migration pact. Bulgaria, Czechia, Estonia, Croatia, Austria, and Poland say they remain under long-term pressure despite the overall decline in irregular arrivals.

Six EU Countries Push for Flexibility

The European Commission confirmed that these states may apply for partial or full exemptions from the 2026 migration pact. Although the agreement requires members to contribute to a “solidarity pool” — through asylum relocations, funding, or operational support — the six governments argue their systems are overstretched after five years of constant strain.

Irregular Crossings Fall, but Pressure Persists

Frontex data shows strong declines on key migration routes from January to October 2025:

• Western African route: ↓59%

• Western Balkan route: ↓46%

• Eastern land border: ↓38%

Despite the downward trend, the Central Mediterranean remains the busiest route, with nearly 59,000 arrivals this year — most departing from Libya. The Western Mediterranean route saw a 27% increase, largely from Algeria. Tragically, more than 1,500 migrants have died crossing the Mediterranean in 2025.

Divided Views on Reform

The EU migration pact, adopted in 2024, aims to create a unified approach to managing asylum and borders. But its implementation has revealed divisions.

Countries like Greece, Italy, Spain, and Cyprus recorded the highest pressure in 2025, earning priority access to EU support funds. Others — including Germany, France, Finland, and the Baltic states — are listed as “at risk” due to housing and capacity strain.

The Commission is urging faster reforms before 2026, warning that migration could be used as a political tool by states such as Russia or Belarus.

What Happens Next?

The six countries seeking exemptions must now submit formal requests to the Council of the EU. If approved, their obligations under the solidarity system could be temporarily reduced next year.

New Travel Rules for Visitors

Short-stay travelers will also notice changes:

• Entry/Exit System (EES): Started in phases in October 2025; replaces passport stamping by April 2026.

• ETIAS: Visa-exempt travelers will need an ETIAS authorization from late 2026, valid for up to 3 years and allowing 90-day stays within any 180-day period.

These digital systems strengthen border checks but do not affect long-term visa or residence permit rules. However, travelers should expect more structured and secure screening at EU entry points.

Shared Borders, Shared Challenges

Though irregular migration has decreased, pressure remains uneven across Europe. The coming months will reveal whether the EU can balance solidarity with flexibility — a decision that will shape migration and border policy for years ahead.